Differences between queen piping temporal structures of two honeybee species, Apis cerana and Apis mellifera

In swarming season, honeybee queens emit two kinds of queen piping signals: tooting and quacking. These signals are considered to be important for swarming, honeybees distinguish between the through differences in their temporal structures. this study, we revealed that species, Apis cerana mellifera, had different The A. consisted almost one long syllable, while mellifera was constructed from several syllables. quacking both species comprised around 50 short syllables, but duration period syllables were about half those mellifera. findings provide new insights reveal mechanisms signal discrimination functions signals.